组合核函数支持向量机在水中目标识别中的应用

论文研究了支持向量机核函数构成条件以及不同核函数的特性，结合水中目标识别技术特点，提出了一种组合核函数支持向量机的方法。提取了基于小波变换的舰船辐射噪声奇异性、尺度-过零、尺度-能量特征，对水中目标进行了SVM分类识别。研究表明，基于组合核函数的支持向量机分类识别效果优于单独核函数的支持向量机识别效果。     

基于支持向量机改进算法的船舶类型识别研究

利用船舶目标辐射噪声DEMON谱特征,采用改进的支持向量机算法,实现了对船舶目标的分类识别研究。针对支持向量机算法对噪声比较敏感和最优分类面求解时约束较多不利于支持向量机最优分类面寻优的问题,在保持支持向量稀疏性和应用径向基核函数的条件下,对支持向量机算法在松弛变量和决策函数两方面进行了改进,提出了基于径向基核函数的齐次决策二阶损失函数支持向量机改进算法,并应用于利用船舶目标辐射噪声DEMON谱进行船舶目标类型分类识别实验。理论分析、数据仿真与实验结果表明,该改进算法实现了在二次规划中的较少约束条件下最优分类面求解,具有模型参数寻优空间广阔、总体分类性能优的特点,其分类性能优于原支持向量机算法,是一种适合于船舶辐射噪声DENOM分类识别的有效的支持向量机改进算法。     

一种基于GA-NSVM的自适应洛伦兹分峰拟合识别红外光谱吸收重叠峰的方法

提出一种基于遗传算法-非线性支持向量机的自适应洛伦兹分峰拟合识别红外光谱吸收重叠峰的方法。利用单质特征吸收线型的根本性差异,将混合物光谱分解为满足特征吸收线型的多个洛伦兹单峰,采用非线性支持向量机对多个拟合单峰进行多分类筛选确定特定目标组分的谱峰。采集了400个混合烷烃气体样本的红外光谱数据,论证了该方法在高相似分子结构的光谱识别分类的可行性。实验结果表明该方法能有效分离烷烃中甲烷、乙烷、丙烷的红外吸收单峰,具有良好的准确性和鲁棒性,模型参数的解释能力更强。该方法能够加速光谱检测技术在生物制药、食品化工、油气勘探等领域的应用,尤其是在含同系有机物混合物的分析及应用场合。     

基于支持向量机的高速公路事故实时风险预测

以高速公路事故数据、交通流数据和天气数据为基础,以交通流为事故主要影响因素,建模预测高速公路事故实时风险。将事故记录作为病例组,采用病例对照方法来配对匹配实验样本,通过随机森林算法从众多变量中筛选出对事故风险影响最重要的10 个特征变量,以支持向量机建立模型预测事故实时风险。实验表明,通过随机森林筛选重要的特征变量,再使用支持向量机建模预测事故风险具有可行性,且以高斯核、Sigmoid核作为支持向量机的核函数比线性核函数和多项式核函数时分类准确性更高;其中,高斯核下支持向量机模型对事故风险预判的准确率达73.20%,对正常交通流的分类达91.44%。     

基于新核函数的支持向量机在物体分类中的应用

在基于视的物体识别中,将图像的局部信息引入到图像的相似性度量,提出了一种新的图像距离度量,并把它嵌入到支持向量机的核函数中,得到了一种新的核函数--基于局部卡方距离(Chi-square distance)的核函数.物体分类实验结果表明,新算法优于非线性支持向量机,区别张量一阶分解(DTROD),稀疏网络模型(SNW)等方法.     

混沌驱动永磁同步电机系统的故障识别

研究了混沌驱动永磁同步电机系统的故障识别问题,设计了一种小波支持向量机故障识别器。首先对故障恢复信号进行经验模态分解,得到若干个平稳的本征模函数,将本征模函数的能量特征作为输入构建小波支持向量机故障识别器。训练完成后,冻结小波支持向量机结构与内部参数,以白噪声模拟实际运行中的未知扰动,并以加入扰动的故障信号作为测试输入,利用小波支持向量机故障识别器进行故障识别。结果表明,基于小波支持向量机的故障识别器能够较好地识别故障信号,拟合误差均在1%以内。     

使用支持向量机的纹理识别方法

将支持向量机应用到纹理识别领域,提出了一种基于支持向量机和小波变换的新型纹理识别方法。该方法用小波变换各子带图像共生矩阵参数、分析窗口大小、像素均值和像素标准差等参数作为纹理特征,解决了描述不同尺度纹理的难题。以多类支持向量机作为分类器,用输出纠错码把二分类器扩展到多类,提高了分类器的泛化能力。在包含25类单色自然纹理的图像库上进行识别试验,结果表明,该方法识别错误率小于10%,识别正确率比传统的贝叶斯等方法提高了2%左右,获得了更高的识别正确率,且推广性更好。     

基于Hilbert谱奇异值的滚动轴承故障诊断

提出一种基于Hilbert谱奇异值的故障特征提取方法,将其与支持向量机结合应用于轴承故障诊断。利用小波阈值降噪的方法对拾取的轴承故障振动信号进行滤波降噪,然后利用经验模式分解将降噪信号分解为若干个IMF分量之和,对每个IMF分量进行Hilbert变换得到振动信号的Hilbert谱,对Hilbert谱进行奇异值分解得到反映轴承状态特征的奇异值序列,再利用奇异值作为特征向量,应用支持向量机进行轴承故障诊断,并对不同核函数的诊断结果进行了分析比较。对正常轴承、内圈故障、外圈故障、滚动体故障的实际信号的诊断验证了该方法可的有效性。     

基于新核函数的支持向量机在物体分类中的应用

在基于视的物体识别中,将图像的局部信息引入到图像的相似性度量,提出了一种新的图像距离度量,并把它嵌入到支持向量机的核函数中,得到了一种新的核函数—基于局部卡方距离（Chi—square distance）的核函数。物体分类实验结果表明,新算法优于非线性支持向量机,区别张量一阶分解（DTROD）,稀疏网络模型（SNW）等方法。     

基于多特征和多核学习的行人检测方法的研究

行人检测系统涉及交通安全问题,需要很高的鲁棒性,基于单特征结合单核支持向量机的方法效果有限,为解决这一问题,提出采用多特征和多核学习的方法来提升系统的鲁棒性,通过将积分信道特征、多层次导向边缘能量特征和CENTRIST特征分别与直方图交叉核、高斯核和多项式核进行线性组合,采用简单多核学习（Simple MKL）来分别计算核函数的权重系数,将多核学习方法与经典的梯度直方图特征/支持向量机、多尺度梯度直方图特征/直方图交叉核支持向量机和特征融合/直方图交叉核支持向量机的行人检测方法进行比较,实验表明所提出的行人检测算法的鲁棒性有明显提升。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.