壳聚糖及其衍生物作为果蔬保鲜剂和食品助剂的研究进展及应用

介绍了壳聚糖及其衍生物涂膜延缓果蔬衰老软化的可能机制,涂膜与果蔬贮藏期间品质、生理关系,常见的果蔬壳聚糖处理的最佳浓度和效果的研究进展,以及壳聚糖及其衍生物作为食品加工助剂的研究和应用.     

常用消毒灭菌法及其机理与应用

介绍了采用消毒灭菌方法,有加热消毒法,紫外线辐射法和化学药剂消毒法。常用化学药剂有醛类、含氯消毒剂、醇类消毒剂以及高锰酸钾、生石灰等,阐释了消毒与灭菌两个概念的区别。     

Probiotics and prebiotics--perspectives and challenges

Owing to their health benefits, probiotics and prebiotics are nowadays widely used in yogurts and fermented milks, which are leader products of functional foods worldwide. The world market for functional foods has grown rapidly in the last three decades, with an estimated size in 2003 of ca US$ 33 billion, while the European market estimation exceeded US$ 2 billion in the same year. However, the production of probiotics and prebiotics at industrial scale faces several challenges, including the search for economical and abundant raw materials for prebiotic production, the low-cost production of probiotics and the improvement of probiotic viability after storage or during the manufacturing process of the functional food. In this review, functional foods based on probiotics and prebiotics are introduced as a key biotechnological field with tremendous potential for innovation. A concise state of the art addressing the fundamentals and challenges for the development of new probiotic- and prebiotic-based foods is presented, the niches for future research being clearly identified and discussed.     

壳聚糖及其衍生物涂膜保鲜果蔬和食品的研究进展及应用

本文介绍了壳聚糖及其衍生物涂膜延缓果蔬衰老软化的可能机制,涂膜与果蔬贮藏期间品质、生理关系,常见果蔬壳聚糖处理的最佳浓度和效果的研究进展。最后对壳聚糖及其衍生物在食品的涂膜保鲜方面也做了综述。     

家蝇及其幼虫的营养价值与开发利用

本文介绍了家蝇及其幼虫的营养价值、开发利用方向,并对其前景进行了展望。     

节能节水型印染助剂和设备的现状

从节能、节水、缩短工艺流程和环保的角度出发，介绍了国内外研制开发的一系列新型节能、节水型印染助剂和染整设备。     

核桃及其加工与利用

本文详细介绍核桃的产量、产地,核桃的组成成份和营养保健功效,核桃的加工工艺及核桃、核桃仁和核桃油的市场分析。     

益生素、益生菌与结肠癌

介绍了益生素和益生菌及其作用机理。在动物模型中，有大量的数据证实益生素和益生菌能够预防癌症．而在人体内还没有直接实验证据。它们抑制癌症的确切机理目前尚不清楚，其抑制机理可能是：肠道菌群代谢活动的改变，肠道理化环境的改变，潜在的致癌物质的黏附和降解，肠道菌群的改变、抗癌或抗诱变物质的形成、提高宿主的免疫应答、影响宿主的生理活动以及发酵不能被消化的食物并形成有益代谢产物。     

毛霉型低盐速成豆豉工业化生产工艺与设备

本文介绍了毛霉型低盐速成豆豉的工业化生产工艺及生产线的关键设备。     

国家标准、行业标准的立项与制定的程序和要求

根据GB/T 20000.1-2002<标准化工作指南 第1部分:标准化和相关活动的通用词汇>中的定义,标准是"为了在一定范围内获得最佳秩序,经协商一致制定并由公认机构批准,共同使用的和重复使用的一种规范性文件".     

Heritability and correlations for body condition score and dairy form within and across lactation and age

The objectives of the current study were to investigate the relationship between body condition score (BCS) and dairy form and changes in genetic parameters for BCS and dairy form within and across lactations and age. Body condition score and dairy form were obtained from the Holstein Association USA, Inc. Records were edited to include those cows classified between 24 and 60 mo of age and between 0 and 335 d in milk (DIM). A minimum of 20 daughters per sire and 15 cows per herd-classification visit were required. The dataset consisted of 135,178 records from 119,215 cows. Repeatability, multiple trait, and random regression models were used to analyze the data. All models included fixed effects for herd-classification visit, age within lactations 1, 2, and 3 or higher, and 5th-order polynomials for DIM. Random effects included sire and permanent environment for all models. Random regression models included age at classification nested within sire or DIM and lactation number nested within sire. Genetic variance for both BCS and dairy form was lowest in early lactation and highest in midlactation. Genetic correlations within and across lactations were high. The genetic correlation between DIM 0 in lactation 1 and DIM 305 in lactation 3 was estimated to be 0.77 for BCS and 0.60 for dairy form. The genetic correlation estimate between 30 mo of age at classification and 50 mo of age at classification was 0.94 for both dairy form and BCS. The repeatability models appeared to generate accurate evaluations for BCS or dairy form at all ages and stages of lactation.     

Colour legislation and cosmetics and toiletries

An historical reference is followed by a review of cosmetic colours’ regulations based on the EEC Directive with particular reference to the U.K. Cosmetic Products Regulations and their effect on formulation. Les reglementations des colorants pour cosmetiques     

导电和耐热纤维及纱线

法国R．Stat公司活跃在导电纤维市场已有20年之久,但是,办公室雇员、宾馆客人、飞机乘客、在易爆炸环境中工作的人员、木材或纸浆工业操作人员、消防队员和军人,由于得益于R．Stat公司生产的导电纤维的保护,而免遭令人不舒服的电击,或者免遭火灾和爆炸的伤害,这些却无人知晓。     

环保纤维与绿色染整

环保纤维只是一种原料,并不能保证生产出绿色纺织品,而后者在很大程度上取决于加工的因素,绿色染整是用环保纤维生产绿色纺织品的保证。绿色染整必须从工艺改革着手,基本上不用传统的水相反应工艺,做到无水或少水生产。     

中国粮油工业与科技发展的趋向

分析了我国粮油工业当前正向着以高科技为指导，坚持可持续发展的方向发展的现状，同时提出了应加速粮油企业信化建设，并推进传统主食业进步的发展思路。     

蓝莓的营养保健功能及其开发利用

蓝莓因营养丰富和具有良好的保健功能而被广泛研究,其不仅富含蛋白质及钙、铁、锌和维生素等微量营养素,而且含有全部必需氨基酸和许多功能因子。草莓具有改善人类营养水平和预防疾病发生的潜在功效,得到了国内外农业及食品科研机构的广泛关注。本文详细的概述了蓝莓的营养价值以及保健功能,同时分析了蓝莓开发利用应关注的问题,并提出了相应的建议。     

组学技术与果蔬采后质量和安全控制

果蔬可以提供营养, 有利于人类健康, 而果蔬的后熟及其与环境的相互作用会影响果蔬采后的质量和安全。对果蔬生物学过程的了解和掌握是减少果蔬采后损失和保障果蔬采后质量和安全的关键。在过去的10多年, 基于组学技术的系统生物学在了解果蔬后熟及其与环境相互作用的分子机制方面得到了越来越多的应用。本文对此做了细致的总结, 指出了存在的不足, 并提出了未来的发展方向。